Herman Melville :: essays research papers

Herman Melville created many typesetters cases in his constitution that had a mysterious nature to them. Melville himself had a bit of mystery in his own personal character and this quality is shown through many characters such as Claggart and Bartleby. Besides having a mysterious side to him, this author was stubborn. Even though his work wasnt ever so praised he remained determined and pretty much always wrote what he wanted to write. This stubbornness was shown through his characters Captain Veere in Billy Budd and Bartleby in the story "Bartleby the Scrivener." Melville was as well passively resistant and he shows this through his characters Billy Budd and Bartleby. Herman Melville portrayed himself in his writing by giving personality traits to his literary characters that were similar to the ones he himself possessed.&9Melville had a strong desire to reveal the complexities of human life, so mystery was often a trait of his characters. An example of this would be h is character Bartleby. Through bulge out the story, the commentator has no clue what Bartleby is thinking, so Melville creates an air of mystery about this character. some other of Melvilles characters that show this quality is Claggart in the book Billy Budd. Claggart is constantly referred to as being mysterious, "a nut not to be cracked by the top of a ladies fan (Billy Budd). &9Besides being mysterious, Melville is stubborn and this comes out through his characters Captain Veere and Bartleby. Like most writers, Melvilles career had its ups and downs, and his work was not always praised. Even though readers didnt always appreciate his writing or writing style, he continued to write the books that he wanted to write. He quotes "What I feel most moved to write, that is banned- it will not pay, yet, all in all write the other way I cannot."(P. 8 Cliffs). The author shows his stubbornness through the character of Bartleby. To every request directed at him he replies, & quotId prefer not to", which suggests the authors own obstinacy. Another of Hermans characters that has a stubborn nature is captain Veere. He does not let his own feelings of those of the gang interfere with the strict facts of the case, which eventually resulted in Billys death. He remains stubborn with his decision and makes no exceptions in any case.&9Another personality trait Melville portrays in his writing is passive resistance. By Melville not changing his writing style to please society he is passively resisting.

Strong Penelope of Homers Odyssey Essay -- Homer, Odyssey Essays

The Strong genus Penelope of The Odyssey My lady, there is no man in the all-embracing world who could define fault with you. For your fame has reached broad heaven itself, like that of some illustrious king.(Page 289,Book 19)In Homers epic, The Odyssey, Odysseus is an epic hero with an epic wife, Penelope. Penelope is also the milksop of Ithaca, a critical role indeed. Penelopes love and devotion towards Odysseus is proven when she waits nineteen years for her husband to return from the wine dark sea, rather than losing faith and marrying other man. Penelopes character is tender and solid, and her personality remains consistent throughout Homers Odyssey. Since there are so few mortal women featured in The Odyssey, Penelope undersurface be seen as an ideal figure to represent all noblewomen in the Greek world. Although women were seen as possessions they could still be highly respected and influential in society. This is shown very in effect in this quote by Antinous as he spe aks about Penelope, Her skill in fine handicraft, her excellent brain, and the genius she has for getting her way, In that respect, I gra... ...en Skylla and Penelope Female Characters of the Odyssey in Archaic and Classical Greek Art, pp. 29-58. Richard Brilliant, Kirkes Men Swine and Sweethearts, pp. 165-73. Helene Foley, Penelope as Moral Agent, in Beth Cohen, ed., The Distaff Side (Oxford 1995), pp. 93-115. Homer. The Odyssey. Trans. Robert Fitzgerald. peeled York Vintage Books, 1989.Marilyn Arthur Katz, Penelopes renown Meaning and Indeterminacy in the Odyssey (Princeton 1991). Nancy Felson-Rubin, Regarding Penelope From Courtship to Poetics (Princeton 1994). Strong Penelope of Homers Odyssey Essay -- Homer, Odyssey EssaysThe Strong Penelope of The Odyssey My lady, there is no man in the wide world who could find fault with you. For your fame has reached broad heaven itself, like that of some illustrious king.(Page 289,Book 19)In Homers epic, The Odyssey, Od ysseus is an epic hero with an epic wife, Penelope. Penelope is also the Queen of Ithaca, a vital role indeed. Penelopes love and devotion towards Odysseus is proven when she waits nineteen years for her husband to return from the wine dark sea, rather than losing faith and marrying another man. Penelopes character is strong and solid, and her personality remains consistent throughout Homers Odyssey. Since there are so few mortal women featured in The Odyssey, Penelope can be seen as an ideal figure to represent all noblewomen in the Greek world. Although women were seen as possessions they could still be highly respected and influential in society. This is shown very effectively in this quote by Antinous as he speaks about Penelope, Her skill in fine handicraft, her excellent brain, and the genius she has for getting her way, In that respect, I gra... ...en Skylla and Penelope Female Characters of the Odyssey in Archaic and Classical Greek Art, pp. 29-58. Richard Brilliant, Kirkes Men Swine and Sweethearts, pp. 165-73. Helene Foley, Penelope as Moral Agent, in Beth Cohen, ed., The Distaff Side (Oxford 1995), pp. 93-115. Homer. The Odyssey. Trans. Robert Fitzgerald. New York Vintage Books, 1989.Marilyn Arthur Katz, Penelopes Renown Meaning and Indeterminacy in the Odyssey (Princeton 1991). Nancy Felson-Rubin, Regarding Penelope From Courtship to Poetics (Princeton 1994).

Race, Urban Poverty, and Public Policy Essay -- Urban Decay, Urban Poor

The problems of range and urban poverty remain pressing challenges which the United States has yet to address. Changes in the global economy, engineering science, and race relations during the last 30 years have necessitated new and innovative analyses and policy responses. A common thread which weaves throughout many of the studies reviewed here is the dynamics of migration. In When Work Disappears, immigrants provide comparative data with which to highlight the problems of ghetto poverty affecting blacks. In No Shame in My Game, Puerto Rican and Dominican immigrants are vary of the changing demographics in Harlem. In Canarsie, the possible migration of blacks into a working/middle-class neighborhood prompts conservative backlash from a traditionally liberal community. In Streetwise, the migration of yuppies as a result of gentrification, and the movement of nearby-ghetto blacks into these urban renewal sites also invoke fear of crime and neighborhood devaluation among the gentrifying community. Not only is migration a common thread, and the persistence of poverty, despite the current economic boom, is the cornerstone of all these works. Poverty, complicated by the dynamics of race in America, call for universalistic policy strategies, both(prenominal) of which are articulated in Poor Support and The War Against the Poor. In When Work Disappears, William Julius Wilson builds upon many of the insights he introduced in The Truly Disadvantaged, such as the rearing joblessness, kind isolation, and lack of marriageable males that characterized many urban ghetto neighborhoods. In the class discussion, Professor Wilson argues that it is necessary to disassociate unemployment with joblessness, as the former only measures those still s... ...or-eliminating technology -- they are unlikely to be plausible policy alternatives in the current political and high-technology-oriented context. What all these analyses and policy recommendations do req uire is a universalistic strategy, support by a broad-based multi-ethnic, multi-class coalition which cuts across ideological and political lines in order to address the problems of race and urban poverty at the dawn of the twenty-first century. Works CitedDavid Ellwood Poor Support Herbert Gans The War Against the Poor The Underclass and Antipoverty Policy Notes1 Wilson, 28. 2 Ibid, 75-8. 3 Ibid, 216-18. 4 Newman, 292-293. 5 Rieder, 79. 6 Ibid, 173. 7 These definitions of social organization are also found in Wilson, 20. 8 Anderson, 144-45. 9 Wilson, 62. 10 Ibid, 113. 11 Ellwood, 238. 12 Gans, 110-112.

Conjectures and Refutations by Sir Karl Popper :: Science Sir Karl Popper Scientists Essays

Conjectures and Refutations by Sir Karl PopperIn a broad sense recognition is a systematic quest for knowledge. With this working definition in mind one whoremonger see that many areas of human endeavors could qualify as science. Therefore, Popper attempts to celebrate a point of demarcation between science and psuedo-science. Is there a criterion for the scientific character or status of theory.(1) The most widely recognised answer to this problem Popper says is induction and empirical method. At this point I find it necessary to define these two terms. One, the idea of induction as it is apply in this context is the process of deriving general principles from particular facts or instances.(2) Two, the empirical method is basing an idea on observation or experiment or an idea guided by practical experience and not by theory.(3) The most notable contributor to modern thinking about these two concepts was toilette Stuart Mill. Mill formulated proofs that he believed to characteri ze empirical science in his System of Logic (1843).(4) Popper believes that these two things alone cannot differentiate between science and psuedo-science. He emphasized the hypothetico-deductive character of science.(5) Whereby scientific theories are hypothesized and statements from them can be testinged. If experimentation falsifies these statements then they are refuted. However, if the statements survive experimentation then and only then can they be tentatively accepted. No theory, however well tested can be conclusively established. Popper further goes on to say that every attempt to test a theory is an attempt to falsify it. Testability is Falsifiability. At a convention of the Aristotelian Society at Oxford in 1936 Popper gave his hypothesis which was to become world noted -- what we call scientific knowledge is hypothetical, and often not true, let alone certainly or probably true.(7) Theories are never really sustain by experiment, they can only survive from one test t o another, remaining hostage to possible disproof tomorrow. For the first part of Poppers argument I essential adamantly agree. Science is a continual process through which induction and empirical method play a major part, Nonetheless, if a theory is to be scientific it must be able to be tested. It must have this component of Falsifiability If we do not continually test ourselves and strive for reaffirmation we try falling in to a pit of conjecture and I would further say that any theory that cannot be falsified by either present heart or by proposed means cannot be a scientific one.

Music Censorship Essays -- essays research papers

Marilyn Manson, The Beatles, NWA, Garth Brooks, and the office, Elvis, What do all(a) these people have in jet? Well, yes, they are all musical convocations, but there is something more. Marilyn Manson is a heavy metal group who worships Satan, the Beatles were one of the greatest Rock N Roll bands of all time, and NWA was a hard-core rap group from the 80s. Garth Brooks is a country singer and greatest selling performer of all time, and well, Elvis is the king of Rock N Roll. So what do they all have in common? All of these artists have or had songs with indecent or lustful lyrics.Since the dawn of musical expression, there have been people trying to stop or hinder the constitutional right to listen and enjoy music of all forms. there were ordinary, everyday people during the infancy of Rock N Roll in the 1960s who made it their mission in life to stop so-called lustful music like the Beatles song Lucy In the Sky With Diamonds, from polluting our airwaves and minds. These gr oups succeeded in banning some songs from the radio receiver, but most of their actions were for naught, because there was no real punishment for radio stations playing those songs labeled obscene. By 1985, many people wanted to cleanse the music industry of its indecent music, so the most prominent group in the history of music censorship was started The Parents Music Resource Center (PMRC)-(A Brief). This was just the first of many groups who made it their business to decide what the American Population should or should not listen to. These censorship groups have also been able to get government money in order to take the field, lie, and bribe their counselling to censoring music. The PMRC and other organizations have also convinced government organizations like the Federal Communications Commissions (FCC) to regulate what music is played on the radio. Places like Target, saucer Jockey, and other local record stores are also forced to label music that the PMRC and other censors hip groups find obscene (A Brief)Who is to say that what is obscene to someone might not be seen as obscene to another person? This question, as well as many others, brought forth many anti-censorship organizations who fight to give the people of America the right to listen to whatever music they want to, indecent or not. The First Amendment from anyone who tries to cen... ...ment and all the music censorship organizations to cover musicians and the public our constitutional rights? And why do we pay millions of our tax dollars to try and undermine what our whole country was built upon over two hundred age ago? We must acknowledge that ratings systems of any kind can do and result in censorship. And we all must fight to preserve free words for everyone regardless of whether or not we agree with the message. (National Campaign) When politicians and religious leaders call for censorship because they personally find the message objectionable, or you wonder why you should join the f ight against music censorship, please consider this quote be Martin Niemoeller, a Lutheran pastor who was arrested by the Gestapo in 1938. He said,In Germany, the national socialists came for the communists, and I didnt speak up because I wasnt a communist. Then they came for the Jews, and I didnt speak up because I wasnt a Jew. Then they came for the Catholics, and I didnt speak up because I was a Protestant. Then they came for the trade unionists, and I didnt speak up because I wasnt a trade unionist. Then they came for me, and by that time there was no one left to speak for me.

Music Censorship Essays -- essays research papers

Marilyn Manson, The Beatles, NWA, Garth Brooks, and the king, Elvis, What do either these people have in common? Well, yes, they are all musical groups, but in that respect is something more. Marilyn Manson is a heavy metal group who worships Satan, the Beatles were one of the greatest Rock N Roll bands of all time, and NWA was a hard-core rap group from the 80s. Garth Brooks is a country singer and greatest selling performer of all time, and well, Elvis is the king of Rock N Roll. So what do they all have in common? All of these artists have or had songs with indecent or obscene lyrics.Since the dawn of musical expression, there have been people onerous to stop or hinder the constitutional right to hear and enjoy music of all forms. There were ordinary, everyday people during the infancy of Rock N Roll in the 1960s who made it their mission in life to stop so-called obscene music like the Beatles song Lucy In the cast away With Diamonds, from polluting our airwaves and minds. These groups succeeded in banning some songs from the radio, but most of their actions were for naught, because there was no real punishment for radio stations playing those songs labeled obscene. By 1985, many an(prenominal) people wanted to cleanse the music industry of its indecent music, so the most prominent group in the history of music security review was started The Parents symphony Resource Center (PMRC)-(A Brief). This was just the first of many groups who made it their business to decide what the American Population should or should not listen to. These censorship groups have to a fault been able to get government money in order to fight, lie, and bribe their way to censoring music. The PMRC and other organizations have also win over government organizations like the Federal Communications Commissions (FCC) to regulate what music is played on the radio. Places like Target, Disc Jockey, and other local record stores are also forced to label music that the PMRC and othe r censorship groups find obscene (A Brief)Who is to say that what is obscene to someone might not be seen as obscene to another person? This question, as well as many others, brought forth many anti-censorship organizations who fight to give the people of America the right to listen to whatever music they want to, indecent or not. The First Amendment from anyone who tries to cen... ...ment and all the music censorship organizations to deny musicians and the public our constitutional rights? And why do we founder millions of our tax dollars to try and undermine what our whole country was built upon over two hundred years ago? We must acknowledge that ratings systems of any material body can do and result in censorship. And we all must fight to preserve free speech for everyone regardless of whether or not we agree with the message. (National be given) When politicians and religious leaders call for censorship because they personally find the message objectionable, or you wonder w hy you should join the fight against music censorship, please grapple this quote be Martin Niemoeller, a Lutheran pastor who was arrested by the Gestapo in 1938. He said,In Germany, the Nazis came for the communists, and I didnt blab up because I wasnt a communist. Then they came for the Jews, and I didnt speak up because I wasnt a Jew. Then they came for the Catholics, and I didnt speak up because I was a Protestant. Then they came for the trade unionists, and I didnt speak up because I wasnt a trade unionist. Then they came for me, and by that time there was no one left to speak for me.

Declaration of Principles and State Policies Essay

To shed light on the meaning of the other nutrition of the system To guide all departments in the implementation of the Constitution Directed to lay down the primary linguistic rules characterizing our government systemPrinciplesThe Philippines is not only a republican but also a democratic state. whatsoever individual is a reservoir of sovereignty.While sovereign powers are delegated to the agencies of the government, sovereignty itself remains with the people, by whom and for whom all government exist and acts. Manifestations of a Democratic and republican Sate1. The existence of the Bill of Rights2. The observance of the principle that the Congress cannot pass irreparable laws3. The observance of the principle that the State cannot be sued without its consent4. The observance of the rule of majority5. The observance of the principle that ours is a government of law and not of men 6. The observance of the principle of separartion of powers of checks and balances 7. The observa nce of the law of public officers known as administrative laws 8. The observance of election through popular will or the right(a) of suffrage 9. Supremacy of civilian authority over the military10. interval of Church and StateWhat kind of war is renounced by the Philippines?The kind of war that we renounced is an offensive war but not defensive Anchored on the principle of self-preservation and the right of the State to exist The Philippines adopts the generally accepted principle ofinternational law International law a body of rules and principles which governs the relations and diplomatic intercourse among nationsWhat is the demo that civilian authority is supreme over the military?The making of the President, a civilian as such, as the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Philippines Armed Forces the protector of the people and the State, and the mapping of which is to secure the sovereignty of the state and the integrity of the national territory A simple democrat ic principle intended to avoid authoritarianism and dictatorshipWhat is the blossom duty of the Government as enunciated in Section 4 of Article II?Established to protect and to serve the welfare of the people The government has an constitutional right to existence and self-preservation, and as such, he may call upon the people to defend the State What blessings of democracy do the Filipinos enjoy?1. Maintenance of peace and nightclub2. Protection of life, liberty, and property3. Promotion of general welfareWhat does the principle of separation of Church and State mean?The State is prohibited from interfering purely ecclesiastic affairs on the other hand, the Church is banned from meddling in purely secular matters In conformity with the provision in the Bill of Rights that no law shall be made respecting an establishment of righteousness or prohibiting the free exercise thereof1. The State shall have no official religion.2. The State cannot decline up a church (whether or not supported with public funds), aid one religion, aid all religion, or prefer one religion overanother.3. Every person is free to profess belief or disbelief on any religion.4. Every religious minister is free to normal his calling.5. The State cannot punish a person for entertaining or professing religious belief or disbelief.6. Religious sect cannot be registered as a poltical party Art. IX-C, Sec. 5 (2).7. No sectoral representatives from the religious sector Art. VI, Sec. 5 (2).8. Prohibitation against appropriation for sectarian benefit Art. VI, Sec. 29 (2).State PoliciesForeign indemnity the basic rules inherent the conduct by a state of its affairs with any other State The government should not allow to be dictated by any foreign power in the making of our foreign policy ConsiderationsNational sovereigntyTerritorial sovereigntyNational interestRight to self-determinationWhat is the policy of the State pertaining to nuclear weapons?Republic Act 69696 establishes the Philippi nes as a Nuclear-Free Zone (Art. II, Sec. 8) Nuclear power or nuclear medicine is not covered with the provisionsWhat are the underlying premises of Section 9?The enactment of measure that shall provide adequate social services in the field of housing, education, health, and employment is very a ministrant optional function of the government which, under the 1987 Constitution, is now considered as a mandatory function The society must ensure that the prosperity and emancipation of the nation will free the people from poverty How can social arbiter be carried out in all phases of national development? complaisant justice giving what is due to an individual such as food, clothing,shelter, and even a little gravitas the promotion of the welfare of all the people the credence by the government of measures calculated to ensure economic stability of all component elements of society the humanization of laws and the equalization of social and economic forces so that justice in its ra tional and objectively secular innovation may at least be approximated (Art. II, Sect. 10)Up to what extent does the State value the human dignity?The State values the dignity of every human person and guarantees full respect for human rights (Art. II, Sec. 11)What is the meaning of family and why is the protection of the State begins from the time of conception?The State recognizes the sanctity of family life and shall protect and strengthen the family as a basic autonomous social institution The policy of the State against abortion by equally protecting the life of the mother and the unborn The State also supports the natural and primary duty of the parents in the rearing of the young for civic competency and the development of moral characterWhat is the constitutional duty of the State in promoting the well-being of the youth and women?

Banking Regulation Act Summary

BANKING REGULATIONS ACT 1949 The Banking Regulation Act was passed as the Banking Companies Act 1949 and came into force wef 16. 3. 49. Subsequently it was changed to Banking Regulations Act 1949 wef 01. 03. 66. Summary of some primal sections is provided hereunder. The section no. is given at the end of each item. For details, kindly refer the bare Act. * Banking means accepting for the purpose of lending or enthronisation of deposits of money from public repayable on pick up or otherwise and withdrawable by cheque, drafts order or otherwise (5 (i) (b)). Banking caller-out means any ships familiarity which transacts the business of banking (5(i)(c) * Transact banking business in India (5 (i) (e). * Demand liabilities are the liabilities which must be met on demand and time liabilities means liabilities which are not demand liabilities (5(i)(f) * Secured loan or upgrades means a loan or advance made on the security of asset the market abide by of which is not at any time less than the measuring of such loan or advances and unsecured loan or advances means a loan or advance not secured (5(i)(h). Defines business a banking company may be engaged in like borrowing, lockers, letter of credit, traveller cheques, mortgages etc (6(1). * States that no company shall engage in any form of business other than those referred in Section 6(1) (6(2). * For banking companies carrying on banking business in India to use at least one word bank, banking, banking company in its name (7). * Restrictions on business of certain kinds such as trading of goods etc. (8) * Prohibits banks from holding any immovable property howsoever acquired except as acquired for its own use for a terminus exceeding 7 years from acquisition of the property.run batted in may extend this period by five years (9) * Prohibitions on employments like Chairman, Directors etc (10) * Paid up capital, reserves and rules relating to these (11 & 12) * Banks not to pay any commission, brokerage, discoun t etc. more than 2. 5% of paid up value of one share (13) * Prohibits a banking company from creating a concern upon any unpaid capital of the company. (14) Section 14(A) prohibits a banking company from creating a floating charge on the undertaking or any property of the company without the RBI permission. *Prohibits payment of dividend by any bank until all of its capitalised expenses have been completely create verbally off (15) * To create reserve fund and 20% of the profits should be transferred to this fund before any dividend is declared (17 (1)) * Cash reserve Non-scheduled banks to maintain 3% of the demand and time liabilities by way of cash reserves with itself or by way of balance in a current account with RBI (18) * Permits banks to form subsidiary company for certain purposes (19) * No banking company shall hold shares in any company, whether as pledgee, mortgagee or absolute owners of any amount exceeding 30% of its own paid up share capital + reserves or 30% of th e paid up share capital of that company whichever is less. (19(2). Restrictions on banks to grant loan to person interested in management of the bank (20) * Power to Reserve Bank to issue directive to banks to determine policy for advances (21) * Every bank to maintain a percentage of its demand and time liabilities by way of cash, gold, unencumbered securities 25%-40% as on last Friday of second preceding fortnight (24). * Return of unclaimed deposits (10 years and above) (26) * Every bank has to publish its balance sheet as on March 31st (29). * balance wheel sheet is to be got audited from qualified auditors (30 (i)) * Publish balance sheet and auditors report within 3 months from the end of period to which they refer.RBI may extend the period by further three month (31) * Prevents banks from producing any confidential information to any authority under Indl Disputes Act. (34A) * RBI authorised to undertake inspection of banks (35). * Amendment carried in the Act during 1983 em powers Central Govt to frame rules specifying the period for which a bank shall preserve its books (45-y), nomination facilities (45ZA to ZF) and return a paid instrument to a customer by keeping a true copy (45Z). * Certain returns are also required to be sent to RBI by banks such as periodic return of liquid assets and liabilities (24-3), quarterly return of assets and liabilities in India (25), return of unclaimed deposits i. e. 10 years and above (26) and monthly return of assets and liabilities (27-1).

Formation of an Alkene by Alcohol Dehydration

Formation of an Alkene by Alcohol Dehydration Lab Report Balanced Chemical Equation for the master(prenominal) Reaction Mechanism The corrosive-catalyzed dehydration of secondary and tertiary alcohols involves non-isolable carbocation intermediaries. In the first step of the of the reaction mechanism below, a phosphoric acid catalyst adds a proton to the oxygen atom of the alcohol to stimulate an oxonium ion. The OH is converted to a better leaving group as the positive charge on the oxygen weakens the carbon-oxygen fond regard. The carbon-oxygen bond breaks during heating giving water an unstable carbocation.Without a nucleophile, the carbocation modal(a) loses a proton from a carbon and forms a carbon-carbon double bond from the carbon-hydrogen electrons. The formation of a carbocation intermediate from the loss of a leaving group classifies this as an Elimination Reaction. Table of Reagents Pertinent Safety Information The phosphoric acid in this lab is a corrosive acid. Caut ion must be used to not get the acid in contact with skin or clothes. Gloves must be weak while pouring it. If there is a spill, wash the area with large amounts of water.Cyclohexanol, and especially cyclohexene, are very flammable liquids. Do not use an uncivil flame as a source of heat with these substances. Outline of the Procedure Add 20 mL of cyclohexanol and 5 mL of 85% phosphoric acid to a 50-mL round-bottom flaskful along with 1 or two boiling chips Swirl the flask gently to thoroughly mix the layers and incorporate this into a simple distillation column Heat the flask until distillation begins and slowly distills the mixture, controlling the heating so that the temperature of the distillation vapor does not go above 100-105 degrees C.Cool the receiver in an ice bath to reduce the loss of distillate to evaporation Continue the distillation until only 5-10 mL of high-boiling residue is left-hand(a) in the flask Allow the flask to cool and disconnect the apparatusTransfer the distillate to a separatory funnel and shake it with 10 mL of unadulterated sodium chloride solution, then drain off lower aqueous layer Add 5 mL of 10% sodium carbonate to solution to annul any acid, gently shake the mixture, and drain off the lower aqueous layer again Pour the upper layer into a dry, clean Erlenmeyer flask Add 1-2 g of anhydrous calcium chloride, and allow the flask to stand for 15-20 minutes with occasional stirring Clean and dry the condenser, distillation flask and adapters for the closing distillation Decant or filter the dry cyclohexene from the calcium chloride into a dry distillation flask and set up a simple distillation apparatus Add 1-2 boiling chips to the flask and distill the cyclohexene, collecting the liquid that boils between 79 and 85 degrees C in a small calibrated cylinder Data and Observations The purpose of this lab is to synthesize cyclohexene from cyclohexanol using phosphoric acid. This student had difficulties maintaining the tempe rature of the distillation vapor between 100-105 degrees C. the distillate recovered that was between 79 and 85 degrees C was discarded. The receiver was placed in an ice bath to reduce evaporation. A total of 21 mL was collected. Results and Discussion Volume of cyclohexene 2. 8 mL Weight from density of cyclohexene (0. 810 g/mL) / (2. 8 mL) = *0. 29 g cyclohexe*ne Percentage yield of cyclohexene 20 mL x 0. 960 g/mL = 19. 2 g = 0. 192 mol 0. 192 mol x 82 g/mol = 15. g x 1mL/0. 81 g = 19. 4 mL (Theoretical Yield) 2. 8 mL/19. 4 mL x 100 = 14. 4% Yield (but of excellent quality) In a small test tube, add 5 drops of cyclohexene to 1 mL of 0. 5% aqueous potassium permanganate solution The solution turned brown immediately and then formed a dark, thick precipitate inside 1 minute 1 mL of a 2% solution of bromine in carbon tetrachloride The solution immediately turned clear, and remained that way passim the lab Conclusions The dehydration of alcohols is one of several methods to produce alkenes. This dehydration may be accomplished using a strong mineral acid such as sulfuric and phosphoric acid.The first step in this transformation is protonation of the hydroxyl group by the acid yielding an excellent leaving group. following(a) water is eliminated from the molecule resulting in a carbocation intermediate, which then eliminates a proton to form an alkene. Questions Name and draw the structure of the alkenes that might be obtained by acid-catalyzed dehydration of 2-methylcyclohexanol 3-methyl-3-hexanol What would be the best alcohol to use in an acid-catalyzed dehydration to prepare 1, 3-dimethylcyclopentene? The most suitable alcohol to use is 2*, 5*-dimethylcyclopentanol. Write equations to show the products that form in the reactions of cyclohexene with potassium permanganate and bromine.

An Analysis of Lord of the Flies by William Golding Essay

torment vs. Civilized The main concern of Lord of the flies is the fighting between the two competing drives that all humans have to live by the rules and act right or to defy the rules and act on ones desires. Meaning Savage vs. Civilized. William Golding associates the instinct of civilization with good and the instinct of savage with evil. In the story the character Ralph is the protagonist who represents civilized, leadership, and order. On the other hand Jack is the antagonist and represents heinousness and the desire for power.William implies that people atomic number 18 much to a greater extent prone to the instinct of savagery than the instinct of civilization, especially without authority. In the beginning of the story, the meetings that the group has are real civilized and everybody abides by the rules. They form a society that has a leader (Ralph) and have a symbol of authority, which is a conch typesetters case. They all listen to Ralph and use the conch shell to ta lk during the meetings making the meetings very civilized.In the beginning they all do their part whether it be watching the fire, building things, going hunting for food, or acquire water, they all did their part. As the story goes on most of the kids start slacking and the jobs are not being done well they are becoming more savage. For instance the fire goes out when a ship passes, there is not much water in the coconuts, and only 2 people build the depart shelter. The kids cant even have a civilized meeting, and the conch shell is not being put to use as it should be.During the meeting piggy says What are we? Humans? Or animals? Or savages? Whats grownups going to think? Going off- hunting pigs- letting out fires- and now By piggy saying this, it shows that the kids authentically are acting like wild animals and little savages. They are no longer thinking before they are doing things and have no sense of hold back or authority. They are beginning to go wild and the instinct of savage is kicking in.